THE
INTERESTING ABOUT GIANT PANDA
too many people,
especially those who have seen the giant panda in zoos around the world, the
animal seems like a lovely toy come to life, an animated childhood fantasy. Its
many near-human characteristics and its sad clown face have fostered an all too
anthropomorphic interpretation of its behaviour.
FACTS ABOUT GIANT PANDA
·
The giant panda’s
black and white coat and prominent black eye patches have made it one of the
best known species, although it is among the shyest and rarest animals in the
world.
·
At first glance,
the giant panda would seem to resemble a bear, but in fact its features show it
has a stronger affinity with racoons.
·
The giant panda is
a solitary animal, which spends about two-thirds of its day feeding and the
remainder resting.
·
Although classed as
a flesh-eater, the giant panda feeds almost exclusively on the stems, leaves
and fresh young shoots of bamboo.
·
There are about 20
different species of bamboo that pandas will eat. However bamboo is so
nutritionally poor that the pandas have to consume up to 20kg each day, which
can take up to 16 hours.
·
The extra digit on
the panda's hand helps them to tear the bamboo and their gut is covered with a
thick layer of mucus to protect against splinters.
·
The giant panda has
the largest molar teeth of any carnivore. Their lower jaw has an extra molar;
their molar and pre-molar teeth are adapted to slice and crush tough plants
stems. Their strong jaws are capable of crushing bamboo stems up to 4cm
in diameter.
·
Pandas may climb as
high as 4,000 meters to feed on higher slopes in the summer season.
·
They may appear
sedentary, but they are skilled tree-climbers and efficient swimmers. Pandas
can takes refuge in the nearest tree when in danger from predators such as
brown bears, leopards, or wild dogs. Its
paws are broad with long retractile claws and furry undersides which help it
grip when climbing.
·
It appears to use
no special resting place, but simply lies down on the ground wherever it
happens to be.
·
The giant panda
does not hibernate but it will shelter in caves or hollow trees in very cold
weather.
·
The panda uses its
stump-like tail like a brush to mark territory with ‘scent’ produced by scent
glands located beneath the tail.
·
Pandas have a
highly developed sense of smell that males use to avoid each other and to find
females for mating in the spring.
·
Five months after
mating, a single cub is born in a nest of bamboo. It is rare for a female panda
to give birth to twins; if she does so, the second cub is unlikely to survive.
·
The blind infants
weigh only about 140g at birth and cannot crawl until they reach three months
of age. They are born white, and develop their much loved colouring later.
·
It stays with its
mother for about 18 months, until it is independent enough to establish its own
territory.
·
The Chinese once
hunted it, believing that its pelt provided magical protection against evil
spirits. Today, however, hunting carries strict penalties in China.
·
There are only
about 1,000 giant pandas left in the wild. They are classified as Endangered.
·
Historically pandas
lived in both mountainous and lowland regions of central-western and
south-western China. They are now found only in the mountains of central China,
in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.
·
The main cause of
the panda’s decline now is the erosion of its habitat due to the clearing of
areas for crop cultivation. Another reason is the natural die-back of the
local variety of bamboo. The panda will not migrate to feed in new areas,
because it is hemmed in by human settlements, and so it frequently starves to
death.
·
In China, measures
are now under way to save the giant panda. To help increase its numbers,
special sanctuaries have been established with sufficient space for 500-600
pandas. Both Chinese and American scientists are studying the animal’s
habits and instituting conservation programmes.
